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What a vpn is.

A VPN Masks Your Real IP Address. How It Does That Will Amaze You. A VPN Masks Your Real IP Address. How It Does That Will Amaze You. A virtual private network (VPN) protects your data and identity over public networks, like the Internet and wireless hotspots. Various protocols are used to create an encrypted tunnel that transports data securely. While a firewall may protect the data on your computer, a VPN will protect your data on the Internet. The goal of a VPN is to implement the same level of security provided by private networks at substantially lower costs. Why use a VPN? Most VPN's are used to add security. Today's world is evolving quickly and the security pitfalls of modern conveniences are often ignored. Public WIFI hotspots, common in airports and coffee shops, are a hackers dream because they offer streams of visible data waiting to be mined. Using a VPN keeps your information secure. Deep Packet inspection is another growing concern. Many ISPs would like to analyze statistics from your online activities for marketing and routing purposes. Using a VPN thwarts efforts to conduct deep packet inspections. Similarly, search engines and social networking sites, like Google and Facebook, are storing information about your online habits indefinitely. Since a VPN provides the user with a different IP address, these privacy invasions are also thwarted. VPN services provide different gateway cities where the IP address assigned to your computer is located. This allows users to access websites only available to users from a certain country. This application is particularly important for travelers who need to access websites from their home country and for people living in regions rife with censorship, like China and Iran. Protocols PPTP is the most common VPN protocol. It uses TCP port 1723 and Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) to secure packets. The main advantage of PPTP is that all major operating systems and many smartphones can natively use PPTP without any additional software. IPsec is a protocol suite developed with IPv6 and often used in conjunction with L2TP tunneling. IPSec VPN services usually require third party software. Associated licensing costs are one of the largest cons of IPsec. SSL/TLS is the most common encryption protocol on the Internet. Many SSL VPN plans use the OpenVPN client. This free, multi-platform client and the vibrant community that supports it have helped SSL VPNs rise to prominence. SSTP is the newest popular protocol. It transports PPP or L2TP packets through an SSL 3.0 channel. Since SSTP uses the common HTTPS port 443, it is hard to block in highly censored regions, like the Middle East. Unfortunately, SSTP is only available on Windows Vista and Windows 7 computers.

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Types

Types of vpn

Types VPN classification based on the topology first, then on the technology used. A typical site-to-site VPN. Early data networks allowed VPN-style connections to remote sites through dial-up modem or through leased line connections utilizing X.25, Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) virtual circuits provided through networks owned and operated by telecommunication carriers. These networks are not considered true VPNs because they passively secure the data being transmitted by the creation of logical data streams.[3] They have been replaced by VPNs based on IP and IP/Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Networks, due to significant cost-reductions and increased bandwidth[4] provided by new technologies such as digital subscriber line (DSL)[5] and fiber-optic networks. VPNs can be characterized as host-to-network or remote access by connecting a single computer to a network or as site-to-site for connecting two networks. In a corporate setting, remote-access VPNs allow employees to access the company's intranet from outside the office. Site-to-site VPNs allow collaborators in geographically disparate offices to share the same virtual network. A VPN can also be used to interconnect two similar networks over a dissimilar intermediate network, such as two IPv6 networks connected over an IPv4 network.[6] VPN systems may be classified by: the tunneling protocol used to tunnel the traffic the tunnel's termination point location, e.g., on the customer edge or network-provider edge the type of topology of connections, such as site-to-site or network-to-network the levels of security provided the OSI layer they present to the connecting network, such as Layer 2 circuits or Layer 3 network connectivity the number of simultaneous connections

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Security mechanisms

Security mechanisms

Security mechanisms VPNs cannot make online connections completely anonymous, but they can usually increase privacy and security. To prevent disclosure of private information, VPNs typically allow only authenticated remote access using tunneling protocols and encryption techniques. The VPN security model provides: confidentiality such that even if the network traffic is sniffed at the packet level (see network sniffer and deep packet inspection), an attacker would see only encrypted data sender authentication to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the VPN message integrity to detect any instances of tampering with transmitted messages. The life cycle phases of an IPSec Tunnel in a virtual private network. Secure VPN protocols include the following: Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) was initially developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for IPv6, which was required in all standards-compliant implementations of IPv6 before RFC 6434 made it only a recommendation.[7] This standards-based security protocol is also widely used with IPv4 and the Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol. Its design meets most security goals: availability, integrity, and confidentiality. IPsec uses encryption, encapsulating an IP packet inside an IPsec packet. De-encapsulation happens at the end of the tunnel, where the original IP packet is decrypted and forwarded to its intended destination. Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS) can tunnel an entire network's traffic (as it does in the OpenVPN project and SoftEther VPN project[8]) or secure an individual connection. A number of vendors provide remote-access VPN capabilities through SSL. An SSL VPN can connect from locations where IPsec runs into trouble with Network Address Translation and firewall rules. Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) – used in Cisco AnyConnect VPN and in OpenConnect VPN[9] to solve the issues SSL/TLS has with tunneling over TCP (tunneling TCP over TCP can lead to big delays and connection aborts[10]). Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) works with the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol and in several compatible implementations on other platforms. Microsoft Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP) tunnels Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) or Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol traffic through an SSL 3.0 channel (SSTP was introduced in Windows Server 2008 and in Windows Vista Service Pack 1). Multi Path Virtual Private Network (MPVPN). Ragula Systems Development Company owns the registered trademark "MPVPN".[11] Secure Shell (SSH) VPN – OpenSSH offers VPN tunneling (distinct from port forwarding) to secure remote connections to a network or to inter-network links. OpenSSH server provides a limited number of concurrent tunnels. The VPN feature itself does not support personal authentication.[12][13][14] WireGuard

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